Scott Alexander explores correlations between PMS symptoms and various beliefs and traits, finding significant connections that leave him puzzled. Longer summary

Scott Alexander discusses survey results related to PMS symptoms and their correlations with various beliefs and traits. He attempts to replicate findings from Aella's Twitter polls, which showed connections between PMS and belief in the supernatural, as well as neuroticism. Using data from the ACX survey, Scott finds significant correlations between PMS symptoms and belief in the supernatural, as well as anxiety levels. He explores potential explanations, including cultural influences and hormonal factors, and presents additional correlations found in the survey data. The post ends with Scott expressing confusion about the findings and inviting readers to replicate his work using the publicly available survey results. Shorter summary

Scott Alexander criticizes new DEA regulations that restrict telemedicine prescriptions for controlled substances, arguing they will harm patients and legitimate practices while failing to prevent abuse. Longer summary

Scott Alexander criticizes new DEA regulations that make it harder for telemedicine doctors to prescribe controlled substances. As a telepsychiatrist, he explains how these rules will negatively impact his practice and patients, especially those who rely on controlled substances for conditions like ADHD or anxiety. He argues that the new regulations, while intended to prevent overprescribing, will mainly create inconvenience for legitimate practitioners and patients while doing little to stop actual abusers. Scott outlines the loopholes in the law and how they highlight its absurdity, predicting that these rules will make telemedicine less accessible and effective in the long run. Shorter summary

Scott Alexander provides a detailed guide on understanding, preventing, and treating nightmares, covering causes, lifestyle changes, therapies, and medications. Longer summary

This post provides a comprehensive guide to understanding and treating nightmares. It covers the potential causes of nightmares, lifestyle changes that can help reduce them, and various therapies and medications that can be effective. The author discusses the role of stress, sleep quality, and medical conditions in nightmare occurrence. The post also details specific therapeutic approaches like Image Rehearsal Therapy, Systematic Desensitization, and Lucid Dreaming Therapy, as well as the use of prazosin as a medication for nightmares. The author concludes by recommending resources for further information. Shorter summary

Scott Alexander evaluates silexan, a lavender-based anxiety supplement, finding promising but potentially biased evidence, and recommends cautious trial use. Longer summary

Scott Alexander reviews the evidence for silexan, a lavender-derived supplement claimed to be highly effective for anxiety. He examines the studies, noting that most are by one researcher with conflicts of interest, but finds the methodology generally sound. He also considers circumstantial evidence, including animal studies and anecdotal reports. While cautioning about the lack of independent research, Scott concludes that silexan is worth trying due to its low risk and potential benefits, and predicts a 50% chance it will prove as effective as SSRIs for anxiety in future independent studies. Shorter summary

Scott Alexander examines a theory proposing that depression, anxiety, and trauma are characterized by low precision of sensory evidence, leading to overreliance on negative priors. Longer summary

Scott Alexander discusses a paper by Van der Bergh et al. that proposes a unified theory of negative emotionality, including depression, anxiety, and trauma. The theory suggests that these conditions are characterized by a processing style that assigns unusually low precision to sensory evidence, leading to an overreliance on negative priors. Scott explores the implications of this theory, including its support for various psychotherapies, somatic therapies, and meditation. He also discusses potential pharmacological interventions and how this model ties together various concepts in psychiatry and predictive processing. Shorter summary

Scott Alexander presents results from an SSC Survey on SSRI usage, covering effectiveness, side effects, and discontinuation experiences among 2,090 users. Longer summary

Scott Alexander presents the results of an SSC Survey on SSRI usage, covering their effectiveness, side effects, and discontinuation experiences. The survey included 2,090 SSRI users and explored various aspects of SSRI use. Key findings include: most users found SSRIs helpful, with Lexapro rated highest and Paxil lowest; SSRIs seemed more effective for anxiety than depression; 70% of users experienced side effects, with sexual difficulties being most common; 15% reported persistent side effects after discontinuation; and discontinuation difficulty varied among different SSRIs, with Prozac being easiest to discontinue. The survey largely confirmed existing psychiatric consensus, with the high rate of persistent side effects being the main surprise. Shorter summary

Scott Alexander revisits his stance on SSRIs, discussing new meta-analyses, broader trends in psychiatric medication efficacy, and potential explanations for the discrepancy between statistical and clinical observations. Longer summary

Scott Alexander updates his views on SSRIs, addressing four key points: 1) A meta-analysis confirming the effect size of antidepressants is about 0.3. 2) The low effect size of SSRIs is part of a broader trend of low effect sizes in psychiatric medications. 3) A hypothesis to reconcile the small statistical effect with strong clinical observations, suggesting SSRIs might work very well for a subset of patients. 4) The possibility that SSRIs' efficacy for anxiety might contribute to their perceived effectiveness for depression. Shorter summary

Scott Alexander uses the Jewish legend of the Chamber of Guf as a metaphor for subconscious thoughts, exploring its implications for behavior, OCD, and self-defeating thoughts. Longer summary

Scott Alexander discusses the concept of the Chamber of Guf, a Jewish legend about a pit of proto-souls, and uses it as a metaphor for subconscious thoughts. He explores how this relates to behavior selection in the brain, the effects of dopamine on thought patterns, and various forms of OCD. The post delves into how anxiety can affect thought selection, leading to conditions like Gay OCD, and suggests that similar processes might be behind self-defeating thoughts. Scott also touches on how meditation might allow direct access to this subconscious realm of thoughts. Shorter summary

Scott Alexander introduces an 'Anxiety Sampler Kit' for testing various anxiety supplements, aiming to personalize treatment and gather data through self-experimentation. Longer summary

Scott Alexander introduces an experimental 'Anxiety Sampler Kit' designed to test the effectiveness of various supplements for treating anxiety. The kit contains 21 boxes with six different supplements and placebos, arranged randomly. Users try a box when feeling anxious, rate their response, and after completing all boxes, determine which supplement worked best for them. This approach aims to personalize treatment and gather data for a small placebo-controlled trial. Scott discusses the rationale behind personalized medicine and the challenges in predicting individual treatment responses. He invites Bay Area residents to participate in this self-experimentation project, with the condition that they share their results. Shorter summary

Scott reviews a paper proposing a computational model of mood and emotions based on predictive processing, discussing its implications for understanding mood disorders. Longer summary

This post discusses a paper by Clark, Watson, and Friston that proposes a computational perspective on mood and emotions. The authors argue that emotions reflect changes in the uncertainty about the somatic consequences of action, while mood corresponds to hyperpriors about emotional states. The theory suggests that depression is a prediction of bad outcomes with high confidence, mania is a prediction of good outcomes with high confidence, and anxiety is a prediction of bad outcomes with low confidence. The post explores how this theory explains various aspects of mood disorders and their symptoms, including learned helplessness and the role of serotonin. The author finds the theory intriguing but notes some inconsistencies, particularly in unifying the concepts of 'prior on bad outcomes' and 'low precision of predictions'. Shorter summary

Scott Alexander reviews a wide range of treatments for anxiety disorders, from lifestyle changes and therapy to medications and alternative remedies, emphasizing the importance of exploring multiple options. Longer summary

Scott Alexander provides an extensive overview of various treatments for anxiety disorders, covering diet and lifestyle changes, therapy options, conventional medications, and alternative treatments. He emphasizes the importance of lifestyle interventions like exercise and sleep, discusses the efficacy of cognitive-behavioral therapy and exposure therapy, and reviews various medication classes including SSRIs, SNRIs, and benzodiazepines. The post also explores alternative treatments like supplements and experimental drugs, concluding that while no single treatment stands out as extremely effective, there are many options available for those dealing with anxiety. Shorter summary

Scott Alexander discusses his anxiety about potentially not getting a US medical residency and explores various backup career options and plans. Longer summary

Scott Alexander discusses his anxiety about potentially not getting a US medical residency for the second year in a row. He explores various backup career options in case he doesn't secure a residency, including working for MetaMed, MIRI, pursuing a Master's in Public Health, law school, an MBA, biostatistics, programming, or teaching. He outlines a tentative plan for the coming year if he doesn't get a residency, involving staying in Berkeley, doing clinical rotations, and applying to various programs. Scott emphasizes his hope to get a residency and his distress at the possibility of not getting one, as it would mean potentially abandoning his medical career. Shorter summary